Device for selvedge forming



United States Patent 3,047,027 DEVICE FOR SELVEDGE FORMING Vladimir Svaty, Liberec, Miloslav Riha, Rumburk, and

Luhomir Tan'cek, Liberec, (Izechosiovalria, assignors to Sdruzeni podniku textilniho strojirenstvi, Chrastava,

Czechoslovakia Filed July 31, 1959, Ser. No. 830,913 Claims. (Cl. 13954) The present invention relates to a device for forming a selvage and more particularly to a device for forming a selvage on a fabric having cut weft threads.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a selvage forming device consisting of few and simple parts, which reliably operates to form a royal rib selvage.

A selvage forming device according to one embodiment of the invention includes two harness frames which are movable relative to each other, needle means on said harness frame for guiding a first warp thread, a pair of scissor-like members for guiding second and third warp threads; and means for operating the scissor-like members to cross in a timed relation with the relative movement of the two harness frames and with the picking motion of the loom in such a manner that the warp thread of the needle is tied by the crossing warp threads of the scissorlike members.

The novel features of the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention, however, will be best understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of the device;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale, partly taken along line IIII in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on line IIIIII in FIG. 1, with certain parts omitted for the sake of clarity; and

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view showing the operating members in the alternate position.

Referring now to the drawing, the device includes a rectangular frame 4 and a substantially U-shaped lower frame 9, frames 4 and 9 being movable relative to each other in vertical direction. Frame 4 includes an upper horizontal beam 4' formed with an elongated slot 22 passing therethrough, a lower horizontal beam 4", and two upright lateral beams 4a and 412 having their ends connected to the ends of beams 4' and 4". A pair of levers 27 is articulated to brackets on the beam 4", and can be operated to raise and lower frame 4 in synchronism with the loom operations.

The lower frame 9 includes a horizontal beam 9', and two vertical arms 9a and 9b which extend outwardly from the ends of beams 9. Beam 9 is formed with a longitudinal channel 26, as best seen in FIG. 2.

A pair of holders 3 is adjustably mounted on the upper beam 4'. Bolts 21 pass through slot 22 and are slidable in the same, and have threaded portions engaging corresponding threaded bores in holders 3. Since the slot 22 is stepped, as best seen in FIG. 3, the bolts 21 permit a sliding of holders 3 along slot 22, but can be tightened to secure the holders 3 in adjusted positions. A pair of needles 1 are secured to each holder 3, so that the positions of needles 1 can be adjusted along beam 4'. Only one needle 1 is required, but the width of the selvage will be increased when a greater number of needles 1 i provided. Each holder 3 carries a pair of thread guides 41 located at the roots of needles 1.

A pair of holders 8 is mounted on beam 9' of the lower frame 9, and can be adjusted in longitudinal direction of beam 9. Each holder 8 has a pair of threaded bores, and is secured to beam 9 by a pair of threaded bolts 18 which are slidable in a stepped channel or slot 3,647,027 Patented July 31, 1962 26 so that upon loosening of bolts 18, the position of each holder 8 can be longitudinally adjusted, whereupon bolts 13 are tightened to secure the holders 8 in a selected position.

Each holder 8 has a pivot means 7 on which a pair of scissor-like members 5 and 6 are turnably mounted. Since two needles 1 with apertures 2 are provided, each scissor-like member 5 or 6 has two apertures 10 through which warp threads are guided.

The lower frame 9 is connected to a pair of operating levers 28 which are operable to raise and lower frame 9 so that during simultaneous reciprocation of frames 4 and 9, apertures 2 with binding warp threads 45 can be placed below apertures 10 for other warp threads 46, or placed in the position illustrated in FIG. 1. Sheds are formed on the left side of frame 4, as viewed in FIG. 3, with warp 45, 46 being alternately located at the top and bottom of the sheds. Every time a shed is formed along fell A, a weft 47 is inserted. Due to the thread guides 41, apertures 8 with warps 46 can be raised to the level at which apertures 2 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 Without crossing warps 45 when needles 2 and thread guides 41 are lowered.

The scissor-like members 5 and 6 are operated to cross each other in a scissor-like motion only at every second travel of frame 9 so that the braiding threads 46 in apertures 10 cross each other. During a relative approach movement of the frames 4 and 9, the needles 1 and the binding threads 45 thereof pass between the threads 46 guided by the scissor-like members 5 and 6. The displacement of the scissor-like members 5 and 6 with respect to each other takes place only when the needles 1 are not between the scissor-like members 5 and 6. In other words, when the braiding threads 46 of members 5 and 6 form the lower part of the shed, the binding threads 45 in the needles 1 form the upper part of the shed as shown on the left of FIG. 3.

The crossing motions of the two pairs of scissor-like members 5 and 6 is derived from a rotary cam 16 which cooperates with a cam follower 15 on a double-armed lever 14 which is turnable about a pivot 23. A rod 13 is connected by pivot means 29 to lever 14, and has a curved end articulated by pivot means 30 to a control rod 11 which passes through aligned bores in pivots 7, as best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3. One end of the spring 17 is secured to rod 11, and the other end is secured to beam 9 so that rod 11 is urged to the right, as viewed in FIG. 1, whereby the cam follower roller 15 is pressed against the track of cam 16.

In the regions of the ends of rod 11, members 12 are slidably mounted, and can be secured by screws 19 to rod 11. Each member 12 has a slide portion 24 sliding in a corresponding guide groove 25 of holder 8 during adjustment on rod 11, and during reciprocating movement of rod 11 when secured to the same. Since grooves 25 are aligned with each other, the rod 11 is guided and reciprocates longitudinally without lateral displacement.

Each member 5 and 6 has a transverse arm 5a and 6a respectively and the free ends of each pair of arms 5a and 6a are connected by spring 20 so that th arms 5a and 6a are biased to move toward each other, resulting in relative angular motion of the scissor-like members 5 and 6. The inner confronting edges of arms 5a and 6a extend at an acute angle to each other, as best seen in FIG. 1, and are located on opposite sides of camming portion of members 12, as best seen in FIG. 2. Due to the action of springs 26, the inner edges of arms 5a and 6a abut the respective camming portions of members 12.

When rod 11 is longitudinally reciprocated the position of the camming portions of members 12 relative to the respective pivot means 7 is varied, and when members 12 move toward pivots 7, arms 5a and 6a are moved apart against the action of springs 20 so that members and 6 perform a scissor-like crossing movement. When members 12 move away from the pivot means 7, a corresponding scissor-like crossing is eifected in the opposite direction so that the braiding warp threads 46 are alternately located on opposite sides of the corresponding binding warp thread 45.

In the position illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, the warp threads 45 and 46 are supplied from the right, and the sheds are formed during reciprocating movement of the harness frames '4 and 9 toward and away from each other on the left side of harness frame 4. In the position shown in FIG. 3, a weft thread 47 has just been inserted by a pick into a shed. Needles 1 with the binding warp threads 45 in apertures 2 move downwards so that needles l cross the braiding warp threads 46 which are spread apart by the scissor-like members 5 and 6, while the end of scissorlike members 5 and 6 move upward into the angle formed in the binding warp threads 45 by the thread guide 41 so that any interference between the warp threads 45 and 46 during formation of this shed is avoided.

When a shed has been formed in this manner, the next pick of a weft thread follows, and the weft is placed on the binding threads 45 which are now below the braiding threads 46.

Frames 4 and 9 move apart so that needles 1 raise the binding threads, and members 5 and 6 lower the braiding threads whereby another shed is formed on the left side of the harness frames. As soon as members 5 and 6 are below the apertures 2 in needles 1, they are crossed so that the openings 10 of member 6 are on the right of the corresponding openings in member 5. As shown in FIG. 3 the warp threads in the raised needles 1 and in the lowered members 5 and 6 form another vertical shed through which the weft 47 is inserted during the following pick.

Thereupon, frames 4 and 5 move again toward each other so that the binding threads 45 are located below the braiding threads on the left side of FIG. 3, while the main portion of binding warp threads 45 are still located above the braiding threads 46 on the right as viewed in FIG. 3, which is due to the guiding of binding threads 45 in the warp thread guide 41. Thereupon, frames 4 and 9 move again apart so that needles 1 raise the binding warp thread 45 on the left side of frame 4 as viewed in FIG. 3, while scissor-like members 5 and 6 lower the braiding warp threads below the binding Warp thread 45 on the left of frame 4. In this manner, sheds are alternately formed on the left side of frame 4 as viewed in FIG. 3, while no sheds are formed on the right side of the frame 9 in FIG. 3 due to the provision of thread guide 41 on the portion 3 of frame 4.

It will be noted that the U-shaped frame 9 has no upper beam which could interfere with the binding warp threads 45 during the upward movement of frame 9.

Cam 16 controls the reciprocating motion of camming means 12 toward and away from the axis of pivot means 7 in such a manner that crossing of members 5, 6 will take place only when members 5 and 6 are in the lower position, and needles 1 are in the upper position, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. However, since wefts 47 are inserted 'into the sheds formed in both positions of frames 4 and 9, the respective weft threads are not only held by vertically crossing binding and braiding wrap threads, but also by horizontally crossing braiding threads.

In this manner, a royal rib selvage is produced in which the braiding threads cross only at every second weft thread.

The invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

We claim:

1. In a loom, in combination, a device for forming a selvage along the edge of a fabric, comprising, in combination, first and second harness frame means movablev toward and away from each other in one direction; needle means mounted on said first harness frame means and having at one end at least one aperture for guiding a binding warp thread; holder means mounted on said second harness frame means and including a pivot means; a pair of scissor-like members, each having at least one opening, said openings being adapted to guide a pair of braiding Warp threads, said scissor-like members being mounted on said pivot means for angular reciprocation between two positions in which said openings move transverse to said one direction and are alternately located on opposite sides of said aperture, said scissor-like members having arms extending in said two positions at different angles to each other; camming means located between said arms; resilient means for biassing said arms to move toward each other and to engage said camming means; actuating means connected to said camming means and being operated in synchronism with said loom to reciprocate said camming means toward and away from said pivot means so that said scissor-like members move between said two positions at every second pick of a weft thread; and operating means for reciprocating said harness frame means toward andaway from each other so that said binding warp thread and said braiding warp threads form sheds for every weft while said braiding warp threads cross at every second Weft.

2. In a loom, in combination, a device for forming a selvage along the edge of a fabric, comprising, in combination, first and second harness frame means movable toward and away from each other in one direction; needle means mounted on said first harness frame means and having at one end at least one aperture for guiding a binding warp thread; holder means mounted on said second harness frame means and including a pivot means; a pair of scissor-like members, each having a first arm formed with at least one opening, said openings being adapted to guide a pair of braiding warp threads, said scissor-like members being mounted on said pivot means for angular reciprocation between two positions in which said openings move transverse to said one direction and are alternately located on opposite sides of said aperture, said scissor-like members having second arms extending in said two positions at different angles to each other; camming means located between said arms; guide means on said second harness frame means for guiding said camming means along a straight path; resilient means for biasing said arms to move toward each other and to engage said camming means; actuating means including a cam follower connected to said camming means, a cam engaging said cam follower and being rotated, and spring means for urging said cam follower against said cam and said camming member away from said pivot means, said cam rotating in synchronism with said loom to reciprocate said camming means toward and away from said pivot means so that said scissor-like members move between said two positions at every second pick of a weft thread; and operating means for reciprocating said harness frame means toward and away from each other so that said binding warp thread and said braiding warp threads form sheds for every weft while said braiding Warp threads cross at every second weft.

3. In a loom, in combination, a device for forming a selvage along the edge of a fabric, comprising, in combination, first and second harness frame means movable toward and away fromeach other in one direction; needle means mounted on said first harness frame means and having at one end at least one aperture for guiding a binding warp thread; a thread guide mounted on said first harness frame means at the other end of said needle for guiding the binding warp thread parallel to said needle to said opening whereby an angle is formed in the binding warp thread; holder means mounted on said second harness frame means and including a pivot means; a pair of scissor-like members, each having at least one opening, said openings being adapted to guide a pair of braiding a warp threads, said scissor-like members being mounte on said pivot means for angular reciprocation between two positions in which said openings move transverse to said one direction and are alternately located on opposite sides of said aperture,'said scissor-like members having arms extending in said two positions at different angles to each other; camming means located between said arms; resilient means for biasing said arms to move toward each other and to engage said camming means; actuating means connected to said camming means and being operated in synchronism with said loom to reciprocate said camming means toward and away from said pivot means so that said scissor-like members move between said two positions at every second pick of a weft thread; and operating means for reciprocating said harness frame means toward and away from each other so that said binding warp thread and said braiding warp threads form sheds for every weft while said braiding Warp threads cross at every second weft, said braiding warp threads passing into said angle in said binding warp thread when said needle and the portion of the binding warp thread parallel to said needle cross and pass between said braiding warp threads.

4. In a loom, in combination, a device for forming a selvage along the edge of a fabric, comprising, in combination, first and second harness frame means movable toward and away from each other in one direction, said second harness means frame being U-shaped and open on one side, and said first harness frame means having a portion located on said open side of said second harness frame means in the plane of the same; needle means mounted on said portion of first harness frame means and having at one end at least one aperture for guiding a binding warp thread; holder means mounted on said second harness frame means and including a pivot means; a pair of scissor-like members, each having at least one opening said openings being adapted to guide a pair of braiding warp threads, said scissor-like members being mounted on said pivot means for angular reciprocation between two positions in which said openings move transverse to said one direction and are alternately located on opposite sides of said aperture, said scissor-like members having arms extending in said two positions at different angles to each other; camming means located between said arms; resilient means for biasing said arms to move toward each other and to engage said camming means; actuating means connected to said camming means and being operated in synchronism with said loom to reciprocate said camming means toward and away from said pivot means so that said scissor-like members move between said two positions at every second pick of a weft thread; and operating means for reciprocating said harness frame means towards and away from each other so that said binding warp thread and said braiding warp threads form sheds for every weft while said braiding warp threads cross at every second weft.

5. In a loom, in combination, a device for forming a selvage along the edge of a fabric, comprising, in combination, first and second harness frame means movable toward and away from each other in one direction, said second harness means frame being U-shaped and open on one side, and said first harness frame means having a portion located on said open side of said second harness frame means in the plane of the same; needle means mounted on said portion of first harness frame means and having at one end at least one aperture for guiding a binding warp thread; a thread guide mounted on said portion of said first harness frame means at the other end of said needle for guiding the binding warp thread parallel to said needle to said opening whereby an angle is formed in the binding warp thread; holder means mounted on said second harness frame means and including a pivot means; a pair of scissor-like members, each having a first arm formed with at least one opening,said openings being adapted to guide a pair of braiding warp threads, said scissor-like members being mounted on said pivot means for angular reciprocation between two positions in which said openings move transverse to said one direction and are alternately located on opposite sides of said aperture, said scissor-like members having second arms extending in said two positions at different angles to each other; camming means located between said arms; guide means on said second harness frame means for guiding said camming means along a straight path; resilient means for biasing said arms to move toward each other and to engage said camming means; actuating means including cam follower connected to said camming means, a cam engaging said cam follower and being rotated, and spring means for urging said cam follower against said cam and said camming member away from said pivot means, said cam rotating in synchronism with said loom to reciprocate said camming means toward and away from said pivot means so that said scissor-like members move between said two positions at every second pick of a weft thread; and operating means for reciprocating said harness frame means toward and away from each other so that said binding warp thread and said braiding warp threads form sheds for every weft while said braiding warp threads cross at every second weft, said braiding warp threads passing into said angle in said binding warp thread when said needle and the portion of the binding warp thread parallel to said needle cross and pass between said braiding warp threads.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,226,361 Niederwerfer May 15, 1917 2,300,281 Bar-botto Oct. 27, 1942 2,802,448 Opleta et a1. Aug. 13, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 794,515 Great Britain May 7, 1958 

